Since 2013:
I’ve had a single arrow not make two holes on deer and hogs. It was a 485 grain arrow out of the hickory creek mini with a rage broadhead on it. I hit the deer high in the shoulder. My guess is scapula only, but likely in the thick front edge. I flat out missed, I ain’t blaming the setup.
I’ve shot something on the order of 30 animals. There was maybe 4-5 in the beginning of that stretch that were killed with 600ish grain arrows with nap spitfire. Since then, all with small cut on contact 2 blade or exodus heads. All with 510gr-585gr total arrow weight at speeds of 260-290fps. I’ve broken multiple humeruseseses, scapulas, spines, ribs, and leg bones. Most of the kills were with 510gr going 280fps.
Minimum of 250fps, single pin, out to 30 for deer for me. If I were less than 450gr to hit minimum 250fps(short draw folks), I’d move my effective range in to keep with one pin and arrow weight up. Cut on contact 2 blade head with 200gr total up front. Easy to buy tune and shoot.