Sorry in advance, Anti-Answer coming in hot:
I don’t think any one method addresses all 3 of OP’s conditions equally-enough to be “the answer” to all 3 at once. In other words, my experience is that a single climbing method will answer at least one of them very well, maybe two of them decently, but you will almost always have to concede on one or two of the them. Cheapest? Walmart sticks are mad cheap but they weigh as much as a baby rhino and they’re just as useless for anything but presets. Screw-in steps and bolts are also cheap, but they are not fast by comparison to sticks and they are illegal in most public ground. Lightest? Tethrd One Sticks or a spool of climbing rope, bolts and a drill are all right there at sub-5-lbs, but they all come with their own setbacks in cost and speed, and I have not seen a single person use their Tethrd sticks without modifying them (cost/weight setbacks) so there’s that…Quickest? I have to vote spurs and it’s not even a contest IMO. But good luck using those on public. So sticks with cam buckles or daisy chains, based on universal legality, are quickest. Really good rope climbers can get up there just as fast but it takes a lot more practice.
This is all a baseline that shifts greatly from hunter to hunter. I think you have to decide which of the three areas you’re most likely to make concessions in, and which one of the three is most important.
Quickness, lightness, cost in that exact order are my personal priorities, and I get along with my stock 3-step LW (Novix) sticks just fine, coming in at 7-10 lbs to get me up to 22’, zero guesswork on the tree and overall, inexpensive for the quality. There are some downsides to efficiency packing them in.
If weight/efficient packing is more important, the Novix/Trophyline minis are awesome sticks for a relatively affordable price.
On presets I really like screw-ins where legal. They are undoubtedly a royal pain without a drill, and a drill increases weight (marginally) and noise, which may preclude you from using these in-season depending on your herd’s tolerance to that kinda activity in the woods. It’s doable though. Shot my buck last year out of a preset that I screwed in that morning, came back after lunch and shot him around 3pm. Luck, as I see it.
I’m hoping to start rope-climbing this year, curious to see how I feel about it versus my screw-in presets or LW sticks.